Docker

Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB

 in Applications / Docker  tagged docker / InnoDB / MariaDB / mysql / redo log by 
2022-05-30 06:09:48+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MariaDB Server 1:10.8.3+maria~jammy started.
2022-05-30 06:09:48+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'
2022-05-30 06:09:48+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MariaDB Server 1:10.8.3+maria~jammy started.
2022-05-30 06:09:49+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: MariaDB upgrade information missing, assuming required
2022-05-30 06:09:49+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: MariaDB upgrade (mariadb-upgrade) required, but skipped due to $MARIADB_AUTO_UPGRADE setting
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] mariadbd (server 10.8.3-MariaDB-1:10.8.3+maria~jammy) starting as process 1 ...
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of transaction pools: 1
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] mariadbd: O_TMPFILE is not supported on /tmp (disabling future attempts)
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Warning] mariadbd: io_uring_queue_init() failed with ENOSYS: check seccomp filters, and the kernel version (newer than 5.1 required)
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Warning] InnoDB: liburing disabled: falling back to innodb_use_native_aio=OFF
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128.000MiB, chunk size = 2.000MiB
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: File system buffers for log disabled (block size=512 bytes)
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Upgrade after a crash is not supported. The redo log was created with MariaDB 10.5.4.
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Plugin initialization aborted with error Generic error
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
2022-05-30  6:09:49 0 [ERROR] Aborting

Recently, we were working on a MariaDB installation in Docker which was using the latest version of the container. The definition in our configuration file was as follows:

# An excerpt from our docker-compose.yml
mariadb_alpha:
    depends_on:
      - another_container
    image: mariadb
    container_name: mariadb_alpha
    networks:
      - mariadb_alpha
    volumes:
      - /alpha/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: qwerty
      MYSQL_DATABASE: aplha
      MYSQL_USER: user
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: password

After an update, the database stopped working and the logs were giving the above errors. Specifically, we got the error that InnoDB was an unknown or unsupported storage engine which is really bad! The command we used to view the logs is the following:

# We used the following docker command to view the logs of the container
docker container logs mariadb_alpha;

We noticed the following line from the records, which was extremely useful:

InnoDB: Upgrade after a crash is not supported. The redo log was created with MariaDB 10.5.4.

From this information, we were able to understand that the last time the database functioned properly, it was using MariaDB version 10.5.4. By visiting the official docker image website for MariaDB, we were able to see that there was a version tagged 10.5. We modified our YML file and changed the image of the container to the one below which uses the 10.5 tagged image:

# An excerpt from our docker-compose.yml
mariadb_alpha:
    ...
    image: mariadb:10.5
    ...

Then, we rebuilt our container using the docker-compose command:

#We increase the timeout to avoid issues
export COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT=180;
docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans;

After the setup was complete, we were able to see that the container was working as expected! We reverted the change in the YML file back to image: mariadb and executed docker-compose once more. The MariaDB container was updated to the latest version and was working as expected again!

Rough notes on setting up an Ubuntu server with docker

 in Docker / GNU/Linux  tagged bash / container / docker / docker-compose / GNU/Linux / IP / netcfg / netplan / static / static ip / systemctl / ubuntu / usermod by

Static IP

First, we set up a static IP to our Ubuntu server using netplan. To do so, we created the following file:

/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

using the following command

sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml;

and added the following content to it:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.45.13/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.45.1
      nameservers:
          addresses: [1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8]

To apply the changes, we executed the following:

sudo netplan apply;

Update everything (the operating system and all packages)

Usually, it is a good idea to update your system before making significant changes to it:

sudo apt update -y; sudo apt upgrade -y; sudo apt autoremove -y;

Install docker

In this setup we did not use the docker version that is available on the Ubuntu repositories, we went for the official ones from docker.com. To install it, we used the following commands:

sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release;
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg;
echo   "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null;
sudo apt-get update;
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io;

Install docker-compose

Again, we installed the official docker-compose from github.com instead of the one available in the Ubuntu repositories. At the time that this post was created, version 1.29.2 was the recommended one:

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose;
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose;

Increase network pool for docker daemon

To handle the following problem:

ERROR: could not find an available, non-overlapping IPv4 address pool among the defaults to assign to the network

We created the following file,

/etc/docker/daemon.json

using the command:

sudo nano /etc/docker/daemon.json;

and added the following content to it:

{
  "default-address-pools": [
    {
      "base": "172.80.0.0/16",
      "size": 24
    },
    {
      "base": "172.90.0.0/16",
      "size": 24
    }
  ]
}

We executed the following command to restart the docker daemon and get the network changes applied:

sudo systemctl restart docker;

Gave access to our user to manage docker

We added our user to the docker group so that we could manage the docker daemon without sudo rights.

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER;

Deploying

After we copied everything in place, we executed the following command to create our containers and start them with the appropriate networks and volumes:

export COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT=120;
docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans;

We had to increase the timeout as we were getting the following error: 

ERROR: for container_a  UnixHTTPConnectionPool(host='localhost', port=None): Read timed out. (read timeout=60)
ERROR: An HTTP request took too long to complete. Retry with --verbose to obtain debug information.
If you encounter this issue regularly because of slow network conditions, consider setting COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT to a higher value (current value: 60).

Stopping all containers using a filter on the name

docker container stop $(docker container ls -q --filter name=_web);

The above command will find all containers whose names contain _web and stop them. That command is actually two commands where one is nested inside the other.

#This command finds all containers that their name contains _web, using the -q parameter, we only get back the container ID and not all information about them.
docker container ls -q --filter name=_web;
#The second command takes as input the output of the nested command and stops all containers that are returned.
docker container stop $(docker container ls -q --filter name=_web);

ERROR: for container_a UnixHTTPConnectionPool(host=’localhost’, port=None): Read timed out. (read timeout=60)

 in Applications / Docker  tagged COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT / container / default-address-pools / docker / docker-compose / images / nginx / pull / reverse proxy / timed out / UnixHTTPConnectionPool / update by

There is this docker server that we have access to, which probably due to lousy planning, we put way too many containers on it. The server does not have SSD disks, and for that reason, whenever there are too many IO operations, it becomes unresponsive. When we mass update all containers by updating the images using the following command and then issuing a fresh docker-compose, we get a lot of time-out errors.

The commands we use to update the images and recreate our containers using the new images are the following:
(Please note that these commands need to execute from the folder where the file docker-compose.yml resides)

#Update all docker images that have the 'latest' tag
docker images --format "{{.Repository}}:{{.Tag}}" | grep ':latest' | xargs -L1 docker pull;
#Rebuild all containers using the new images.
docker-compose up -d;

After executing the second command, we often get many copies of the following error:

ERROR: for container_a  UnixHTTPConnectionPool(host='localhost', port=None): Read timed out. (read timeout=60)

This error indicates that the recreate command was waiting for too long for the docker daemon to respond with no success. At the end of the output, we can see that it was waiting for 60 seconds.

At the end of the output, we get the following information and advice:

ERROR: An HTTP request took too long to complete. Retry with --verbose to obtain debug information.
If you encounter this issue regularly because of slow network conditions, consider setting COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT to a higher value (current value: 60).

Following the advice, we used the following command to overwrite the value of the COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT variable to a more significant number.

#Increase timeout period to 120 seconds.
export COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT=120;
#Rebuild all containers using the new images.
docker-compose up -d;

Doing so, we were able to rebuild all containers without reissuing many times the up command.

Sidenote

This server really does have a lot of containers, we had to create the file /etc/docker/daemon.json so that we would have enough network addressing space to handle all the bridges and sub-networks.

The contents of /etc/docker/daemon.json are:

{
  "default-address-pools": [
    {
      "base": "172.80.0.0/16",
      "size": 24
    },
    {
      "base": "172.90.0.0/16",
      "size": 24
    }
  ]
}

The above configuration solved the following problem for us:

ERROR: could not find an available, non-overlapping IPv4 address pool among the defaults to assign to the network

Docker: WARNING: Host is already in use by another container

 in Applications / Docker  tagged bind / docker / docker.service / docker.socket / host / nginx / reverse proxy / server / systemctl / ubuntu by

We use docker to manage multiple instances of various tools on a server that we control. We have an Nginx server working as a reverse proxy that forwards all requests to the appropriate containers in the configuration. Sometimes, after updating the container images and recreating the containers, we get the error that ports 80 and 443 are already in use by another container. This problem can happen even if no other container asks for them.

The following excerpt demonstrates the problem as mentioned above.

tux@server:~/docker-compose$ docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans;
Recreating container_a ... 
Recreating container_a ... done
Recreating container_b   ... done
Recreating container_c          ... 
Recreating nginx_reverse_proxy        ... error
Recreating container_d          ... done
Recreating container_e       ... done
Recreating container_f  ... done
WARNING: Host is already in use by another container

ERROR: for nginx_reverse_proxy  Cannot start service nginx_reverse_proxy: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint nginx_reverse_proxy (5a790ed7e1b24aa36cb88cbd3f49d306efa8fe023bf5b3312655218319f23a35): Bind for 0.0.0.0:443 failed: port is already allocated

ERROR: for nginx_reverse_proxy  Cannot start service nginx_reverse_proxy: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint nginx_reverse_proxy (5a790ed7e1b24aa36cb88cbd3f49d306efa8fe023bf5b3312655218319f23a35): Bind for 0.0.0.0:443 failed: port is already allocated
ERROR: Encountered errors while bringing up the project.
tux@server:~/docker-compose$ sudo systemctl restart docker.socket docker.service;

To solve this issue, we had to restart two services using the systemctl command:

  • docker.socket
  • docker.service

Specifically, on an Ubuntu server, we used the following command:

sudo systemctl restart docker.socket docker.service;